Distal biceps tendon ruptures: clinical features, diagnostic strategy and treatment options

Relevance. This paper reviews the latest evidence concerning distal biceps tendon repair, particularly aspects such as tear type, patient demographics, diagnostic clues, surgical indications, anatomy of insertion, radial tuberosity, single- vs double-incision reconstruction, fixation techniques (bone tunnels, button, interference screw, button plus screw) and postoperative outcomes. Material methods. The MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web Science, Scopus Elibrary online databases were searched using keywords ‘distal tendon’, ‘elbow’, ‘intramedullary’, ‘partial’. ‘complete’, ‘review’ ‘rupture’. Sixty publications on rupture treatment identified that appeared over 60 years, between 1951 October 2021. Results discussion. review has demonstrated complete deltoid ligament (DBT) tears are predominantly diagnosed clinically, while medical imaging proven to be a valuable adjunct for diagnosing partial tears. Advances in clinical have potential expedite process guide strategies. Primary repair is commonly employed tears, utilizing either single-incision or approach, resulting favorable However, technique carries higher risk heterotopic ossification, whereas approach presents greater nerve-related complications. To mitigate posterior interosseous nerve lesions repairs, intramedullary may serve viable solution. Additionally, DBT endoscopy holds promise low-grade tendinosis.